What are the complications of endoscopic discectomy?

What are the complications of Endoscopic Discectomy?

Understanding Endoscopic Discectomy

Endoscopic discectomy is a minimally invasive spinal surgery used to treat herniated discs, sciatica, and other spinal nerve compressions. Unlike traditional open spine surgery, this procedure involves a small incision and the use of an endoscope to remove the damaged portion of the disc, reducing pressure on the spinal nerves.

While endoscopic discectomy offers faster recovery, less pain, and minimal scarring, like any surgical procedure, it carries some risks and potential complications.

Possible Complications of Endoscopic Discectomy

1. Recurrence of Disc Herniation

Even after a successful procedure, there is a small risk of the disc herniating again in the same location or a different part of the spine. This can lead to:

• Persistent or recurring back and leg pain
• Need for additional treatment or revision surgery

2. Nerve Damage

Since the procedure involves working close to spinal nerves, there is a low risk of nerve irritation or damage, which may cause:

• Numbness or tingling in the legs or arms
• Weakness in the affected limb
• Rare cases of long-term nerve dysfunction

3. Infection

Although minimally invasive, any surgical procedure carries a risk of infection. This can occur at the incision site or within the spinal disc space, leading to:

• Redness, swelling, and pain at the surgical site
• Fever or chills
• Need for antibiotics or, in severe cases, additional surgery

4. Dural Tear (Spinal Fluid Leak)

The dura mater, a protective membrane around the spinal cord, can sometimes be accidentally punctured during surgery, causing a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Symptoms include:

• Headaches that worsen when standing
• Nausea or dizziness
• Need for further medical intervention to repair the leak

5. Blood Clots (Deep Vein Thrombosis – DVT)

Although rare, prolonged inactivity after surgery can increase the risk of blood clots in the legs (DVT), which may lead to:

• Swelling and pain in the leg
• Risk of clot traveling to the lungs (pulmonary embolism)
• Need for blood thinners or compression therapy

6. Incomplete Pain Relief

While most patients experience significant pain relief, some may not achieve full symptom resolution. This can be due to:

• Pre-existing spinal conditions
• Incorrect diagnosis of the pain source
• Scar tissue formation around the treated area

7. Reaction to Anesthesia or Medications

Some patients may experience side effects from anesthesia or pain medications, such as:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Allergic reactions
• Temporary dizziness or confusion

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How to Minimize the Risk of Complications?

While the risk of complications is low, choosing an experienced spine surgeon and following post-operative care instructions can significantly reduce potential issues. Here’s what you can do:

• Select a skilled specialist – At DRHC Dubai, our expert spine surgeons use advanced techniques to ensure safety and precision.
• Follow post-surgery guidelines – Proper rest, physical therapy, and avoiding heavy lifting are essential for recovery.
• Stay active – Light movement after surgery helps prevent blood clots and speeds up healing.
• Watch for warning signs – Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe pain, swelling, or fever.

Is Endoscopic Discectomy Right for You?

Endoscopic discectomy is a safe and effective procedure for many patients suffering from herniated discs and nerve compression. While complications are rare, understanding the potential risks can help you make an informed decision.

At DRHC Dubai, our spine specialists provide personalized treatment plans to ensure the best possible outcomes with minimal risks.

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If you're experiencing back pain or considering endoscopic discectomy, contact DRHC Dubai to discuss your options and receive expert care.